Why is a small energy input needed? Possibly to ionize the torus. Ionizing the torus might create a create a greater coupling between torus and the ionosphere. i.e. Ionizing the torus allows the earth's electric field to exert a greater force on the device. The device wont work unless you create something like a small "electrical storm cloud" near the surface of the earth. The torus acts like a small electrical storm cloud. ============================================== return to main page: http://gravitics.net/index_.htm